The past decade has seen renewed interest in the notions of “civilization” and “civilizations” in many parts of the social sciences. In particular, Samuel Huntington’s “clash of civilizations” thesis (1993a) has attracted an enormous amount of attention, both for its simplicity in dividing the world into mutually exclusive communities characterized by deep-essential differences, and for its pessimistic conclusion that these differences are so fundamental as to make the communities in question more or less implacably opposed to one another. Both of these aspects ofHuntington’s argument essential differences, and implacable opposition have been scrutinized and criticized on both empirical and theoretical grounds, as part of a scholarly effort to forge the concepts of “civilization” and “civilizations” into useable analytical tools. [download]
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